Surgical Smoke and Covid-19. How Can We Flat the Curve?
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54212/27068048.v8i1.29Keywords:
Surgical smoke, Covid-19, coronavirus, sprayAbstract
Introduction: The SARS-CoV 2 pandemic has had effects around the world. More than three million cases and 75,000 deaths have been caused by this virus with a high rate of air transmissibility, absence of vaccine and specific treatment. Once the acute phase is passed, attention is needed of common morbidity, so different strategies must be used, so that the restart of elective surgery is safely for health personnel. This review of the literature focus on surgical smoke and COVID-19, its transmissibility and the strategies necessary to restart elective surgeries, especially in urology.
Methodology: Different indexed databases (PubMed, the Cochrane Library and Scielo) were used with the following keywords and their combinations: surgical smoke, plume, smoke , SARS‐CoV‐2 , COVID-19 , COVID , Coronavirus, aerosol.
Discussion: Surgical smoke, its characteristics, associated risks, smoke generation and evacuation and various health mitigation strategies are reviewed.
Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic has had global impact. Central America has not escaped the effects of this coronavirus. Surgical smoke as a means of transmission of the COVID-19 virus has not been demonstrated to date. The development of mitigation strategies and restart of surgical activities in our region depends on the availability of economic resources and the resilience of health systems.
Downloads
References
Pueyo, T.: The hammer and the dance: https://medium.com/@tomaspueyo/coronavirus-the-hammer-and-the-dance-be9337092b56
Pueyo, T.: Coronavirus, the basic dance steps everybody can follow: https://medium.com/@tomaspueyo/coronavirus-the-basic-dance-steps-everybody-can-follow-b3d216daa343
SAGES: Regarding surgical response to COVID-19 crisis: https://www.sages.org/recommendations-surgical-response-covid-19/
Liu, Y., Song, Y., Yan, L. Y cols : Awareness of surgical smoke hazards and enhancement of surgical smoke prevention among gynecologist, Journal of Cancer 10, 2788-2799, 2019. https://doi.org/10.7150/jca.31464 DOI: https://doi.org/10.7150/jca.31464
Sahaf, OS., Vega-Carascal,I., Cunningham,FO. Y cols: Chemical composiition of smoke produced by high-frecuency electrosurgery: Ir J Med Sci, 176: 229-232, 2007. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11845-007-0068-0 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11845-007-0068-0
Mowbry, N., Ansell, J., Warren, N., y cols: Is surgical smoke harmful to theather staff' a systematic review: Surg Endos 27: 3100-3107, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00464-013-2940-5 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00464-013-2940-5
Kwak, H., Ki., S., Seo, Y., y cols: Detecting hepatitis B in surgical smoke emitted during laparoscopic surgery: Occup Env Med, 0:1-7, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1136/oemed-2016-103724 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/oemed-2016-103724
Xie, C., Jiang, L., Huang, G., y cols: Comparison of different samples of 2019 novel coronavirus detection by nucleica cid amplification test: Int J of Infec Dis, 93: 264-267, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.02.050 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.02.050
Kujaski, S., Wong K., Collins, J., y cols: Clinical and virological characteristics of the first 12 patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the United States, Nature Medicine, in press: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-020-0877-5 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-020-0877-5
Lescure, F., Bouadma, L., Nguyen, D., y cols: Clinical and virological data of the first cases of COVID-19 in Europe: The Lancet infectious disease, in press. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30200-0 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30200-0
ESGE, ESGE recomendations on gynaecological laparosopy surgery during COvid-19 outbreak, in press, https://esge.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/Covid19StatementESGE.pdf, 2020.
Bahl, P, Silva, C, Chugtai, A, y cols: Airborne or droplets precautions for health workers traeting coronavirus disease 2019, The J of Infec Dis, in press. https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaa189 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaa189
Brandon H., Young V.: Characterization and removal of electrosurgical smoke, Surgical services management, 3(3): 14-16, 1997.
Alkatout, I., Schollmeyer, T., Hawaldar, N., y cols: Principles and safety measures of electrosurgery in laparoscopy: JSLS, 16: 130-139, 2012.
https://doi.org/10.4293/108680812X13291597716348 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4293/108680812X13291597716348
Chung, Y, lee, S, Han, S y cols: Harmful gases including carcinogens produced during transurethral resection of the prostate and vaporization: Int J of Urology, 17: 944-949, 2010. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1442-2042.2010.02636.x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1442-2042.2010.02636.x
Karjalainen, M, Kontunen, A, Saari, S y cols: The characterization of surgical smoke from varios tissues and its implications for occupational safety, PLOS ONE, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0195274 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0195274
Boorder, T, Verdaasdonk, R, Klaessens, J: The visualization of surgical smoke produced by energy delivery devices: significance an efectiveness of evacuation systems, Proc of SPIE, 6440: 64400R, 2007. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.701308 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1117/12.701308
Choi, D, Hwan S, Kang, D: Influence of surgical smoke on indoor air quality in hospital operating rooms: Aerosol an air quality research, 17: 821-830, 2017. https://doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.2016.05.0191 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.2016.05.0191
SAGES, Evacuation during open, laparoscopic, and endoscopic prcedures, https://www.sages.org/resources-smoke-gas-evacuation-during-open-laparoscopic-endoscopic-procedures/
Bree,k, Barhill, S, Rundell, W: The dangers of electrosurgical smoke to operating room personnel, Workplace health & safety, 65: 518-526, 2017. https://doi.org/10.1177/2165079917691063 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/2165079917691063
Okoshi, K, Kobayashi, K, Kinoshita: Health risk associated with exposure to surgical smoke for surgeons and operation room personnel: Surg Today. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00595-014-1085-z DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00595-014-1085-z
Georgesen C, Lipner S: Surgical smoke: risk assessment and mitigation strategies: J Am Acad Dermatol, 79: 746-755, 2018.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2018.06.003 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2018.06.003
American society of anesthesiologists: Resuming elective surgery, https://www.asahq.org/in-the-spotlight/coronavirus-covid-19-information/resuming-elective-surgery, 2020.
CDC: Guidelines for enviromental infection control in health care facilities: https://www.cdc.gov/infectioncontrol/guidelines/environmental/appendix/air.html#tableb1
Kimmig, R, Verhein R, Rudniki, M y cols: Robot assisted surgery during the Covid-19 pandemic: J Gynecol Oncol, 3(e59) 1-7, 2020.
CDC: Strategies for optimizing the supply of N95 respirators: https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/hcp/respirators-strategy/index.html
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2020 Marcos Young R., Elías Bodden, Elsa Granda
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.